Downdraft incinerator



Jan. 23, 1951 K. F. TRIGGS 2,538,811

DOWNDRAFT INCINERATOR Filed oct. 15, 1947 2 sheets-sheet 1 INVENTOR. We/Wife @digg/a) Jan. 23, 1951 K. F. TRIGGS DOWNDRAF'T INCINERATOR 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed OCT.. l5, 1947 JNVENTOR. Kami/'J5 a 521139.31

ATTORNEY Patented Jan. 23, 1951 DOWNDRAFT INCINERATOR ,Kenneth F. Triggs, Huntington, Ind., assigner to The Majestic Company, Huntington, Ind., a corporation of Indiana Application .October 15, 1947, Serial No. 780,028

3'C1aims. A 1 My invention relates broadly to .incineratora and more particularly to an'improved-construction of downdraft incinerator.

One of the objects of my inventionis to pro-y vide aconstruction of an `ncinerator for. installation in the basement of a house or other building or in any other suitable locationfeither indoors or out-oi-doors in which a connection may be made to a chimney flue, and in which-small quantities of trash andslowbnrning garbage may be frequently and conveniently burned.

Another` object of my invention is to provide an Yimproved construction .0f edowndraft vincinerator including an open wire basket forgreceiving the material to be disposed of and wherein the basket may be completely removed from the casing of the incinerator. Y

Still another object of ,my invention is to provide a construction-of downdraft incinerator having a housing and an internal,liningspacially related thereto and associated with a -baiiie member for directing thel downdraft through the incinerator to Athe flue with whichthe incinerator is connected.

-A' further object of my invention. is to provide an improved construction ofclowndraftremovable wire basket type incinerator Vhavir1g-a.tQp. portion with integrally related anges connected therewith and serving togalign the top openingof 4,the i-ncinerator withthe-basket receivertherein and tospacially relate-the lining and a `baiile;4 member withrespect to the flue. with whichv the incinerator is connected.

Otherrand furtherl obiectspofzmyfinvention-re- -side in the sinflplii-led construction..of. zopenwi;re :baskeitype of` downdraft incinerator as. isetifgorth moreffullv in .the ,spcccatorr v'hereinafter.following. :byY reierencetto, the; .accornpam'ingdrawingsy inwhich:

lrigure 111s a 'vertical sectional view-taken Ythrough the improved downdrafgt incineratorfof my invention;

JFig. 2 is atop plan view of the--incinerator lshown ,in Fig. 1 and illustrating the iangularly removable lid through `which the Wire `basket Areceiver, may be insertedand removediand-through .which waste matter :may :be charged into :the incinerator;

:'Fig.3 is altransverse sectionaliviewz-takemsubstantially on line 3-3 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a `topplan .viewllustratingthe lid angularly shifted fto an hintermediate:positionl in ,thefcourseiof the insertion'or'refmovalzof thecopen wire basket intozthe incinerator; o

Fig. 5; is a fragmentary. .top plana view illustrating the manner. of-formingzthe top. ofthe incinera- .torzi in fav multiplicity :of .'sections ,Fig... -6;.is 4a jfrajgmentaryfcrosssectional view takenf .on linei (if-.6 :tofLFig Fig. 7 is a fragmentary cross `sectional v`view .taken substantially on line 1-1 of .Fig..5;,and

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary vertical.. sectional view of the top portion of the incineratorA showing .the

manner of spacingV the inner v,and outenshells and the entrance way to the open wire basketreceiver, and illustrating the means for supporting .the basket receiver; .Y

Fig. 9 is an enlarged detail .sectional view .of the structure for spacing the inner .andv outer shells, the view being taken substantially ,on lline .i3-9 of Fig. 2; and

Fig. 10 is adetail sectional view on .line'fIU--IIJ of Fig. l, showing the manner of spacing the inner and outer shells at the bottom of theinner. shell.

My invention is directed to an incinerator which is` inexpensive in manufacture and production an'd highly efcient in installation in the basement of a home` or other building, or outdoors if desired, wherever connection may be made'betweenthe incinerator and the'ue of a chimney. The incinerator of my invention employs the downdraft principle of combustion vand makes use of an open wire type of basket which may be readily inserted intothe incinerator and removed therefrom through an angularly'movabletop li'd. The top structure of the incinerator is provided with depending iianges which serveas spacing means for the inner `and outer shells of the incinerator and as a centering means for the entry andremoval of the open wire basket. The inner shell serves as a guide for the downdraft products of combustion and is provided with'a Abaile aligned lwith the connection to the chimney flue'ffor'confor the discharge of ashes which accumulatefrom time to time.

Referringto the drawings inmore detail,refer ence character l indicates the incinerator outlet formed in the top ring or=casting22=over which `a six inch smoke pipe is-connected, *as represented at ia, leading -tothechi-mneyfflue orto a 'furnace smoke pipe which vconnects with l the chimney flue. The top ring 210i theincinerator lis composed of four parts joined together with lugs or bolts to facilitate manufacture, vwhich parts I have'indicated^atl2a,"2b,`2c and The several aligned parts 22m-'21d fhave funderside grooves formed' by depending -fanges-"Q `an'dfg yinl which the casingi 8..andfthelinerll,f-constituting Vthe outer and innereshells,farefconned. ff'

Reference :characteriii :designates the f top ias- The removable lid carries :a y'draitjdoor' sembly which consists of the angularly movable lid l5' and the angularly displaceable draft dooi t. The angularly movable lid is substantially circular in contour with an enlar peripheral portion los at one side ther f ti ough which the pintle I3 extends, providing a connection with the top ring portion 2c and forming a pivot around which the lid s may swing in a substantially horizontal plane. The draft door 5 is pivotally mounted at 5c on lid l in a position eccentric to the center of the lid clin a forward direction, thus placing the draft door nearer the front of the incinerator, as represented more fully in Fig. 2. The draft door 5 serves as a cover member for 'the aperture :ib in the lid The aperture l'b has a suitable flange thereon over which the draft door is to be angularly adjusted about pivot 5a. A grip 5b is provided on the drait door facilitate the angular adjustment t` cout pivot 5a to cover or uncove" aber are f varying amounts. A central aperture 5c the draft door and se ves as au i r opening through which a fia-me be with a match for igniting the contents deposited in the wire basket S which is introduced withdrawn through the central opening 2c in e t the incineratcr i e lid 1i is s. ng ce.. of obstructing position, in the er represented in Fig. 4. The lid is angularly rnc-Jed by grae'l ing the handle i@ for swinging the lid a pesition uncovering the central opening or to a position closing the central opening.

The open wire basket i3 is tapered in its ccnstruction and, when introduced t ing 2e, is supported by three or 2f, 2g and 2h extending inwardly from the circumference of the opening 2e in .en receiving receptacle il in the form oi a c-- drawer having a door portion ii? curved to c=l form with the contour the outside of outer shell arranged beneath the wire basket S ash receptacle to be withdrawn with respef the base of the incineratcr. rhe base is formed from a circular steel structure having a solid bottom welded onto the outside casi making a tight fitting base assembly 'v .ich supports the slidable ash deposit receptacle ii. Ashes accumulated in the drawer ii may be readily discharg remov l of drawer ii reinsertion thereof for cci.. incinerator.

The inner shell l, which s spacially related to the outer shell 8, is provided with peripheral recesses la, il: and 'le (not shown). rhe recesses are formed by making two vertical cuts in the material of the inner shell 'l a short distance apart, then bending the free sections outwardly to form a projecting flange, represented at 'la' in Fig. 10. This flange is the means by which inner shell i is separated from outer shell S at this point. The recesses 'ib 'ic fit over radially extending pins Ec, Sb and 8c projecting Iinwardly from the outer shell S for spacing the inner shell i with respect to the outer shell The inner shell 'l is suspended from the top 2 k,by means of eight depending lugs 2i, 2y', 2l, 2r/L, 2n, 2o and 2p, that merge at spaced intervals with the depending flanges E and 2" and extending between the inner and outer shells l and S. Screws lg extend radially through outer shell 3 and through spacing lug 2k and through inner 4shell 'l for spacing the shells and S and sup- 4 porting inner shell with respect to outer shell 3 as shown more clearly in Fig. 9. A zone ci confined gases is provided at Vs" between the inner and outer shells 'l and 8 facilitating the operation of the downdraft incinerator.

The inner shell l serves to sup-port a baille l2 which is welded at opposite ends i2a and 52h to the inner wall of the shell 'i just in front of the flue opening I and somewhat below the top of the incinerator. The baille i2 is substantially chordal with respect to the plane section of the inner shell l. The baille l2 is spaced below the top section 2, as represented by the space i8, so that, when the incinerator is fired, this space may be provided with an uniinpeded draft until more complete ignition takes place, at which time the air, passing through the port in draft door 5 tends to push the nre down and the draft tends to pull the iire down under and back of the lower edge or terminus iZa of baffle i2 and back of the baille l2 before the gases reach 'the fiue la.

The assembly of the parts censtituting'the top ring 2 is facilitated by the arr-a rgernent of bracket means illustrated more fully in Figs. 5 7. The top section 2c is arranged co-planar with top section 2d with bracket 2d' on top section 2d extending beneath top section 2c and ccnnected therewith through rivet member iii. the several sections constituting the top ring assembly 2 mutually align and sup-port each suier by the action of the co-acting bracket and a Jacent edge portions of the several 'top sections.

As represented in Fig. S, the depending flanges f., 2" serve as positive spacer means for the outer and inner shells 8 and i surrounding the connection i to the flue and the entry way 2e for the wire basket S.

As heretofore explained, the wire basket lo is very easily removed through the entry way 2e so that any unburnable refuse, such as bottles, can tops, etc., may be left in the basket and the entire basket and contents removed from the incinerator for further disposal. ln operation, garbage and waste paper and other waste products of the home are placed in the basket 6 of the incinerator. At any time, but more particularly when the incinerator is full, the top of the charge may be lighted either through the main charging door or lid i or through the aperture lib adjustably covered by draft door 5 or through the aperture 5c in draft door 5. The draft door 5 does not close completely tight as the small hole or aperture 5a in the center there of always remains open and, thus, a small amount of air circulates down through this aperture and in and around the contents of the receiver and is drawn up the flue by natural draft at all times. This circulation tends to dry wet garbage that may be in the incineratcr. When the incinerator is full and lighted, the draft coming from the top drives the heat downward before it can turn to go up the flue and this further dries the charge ii wet. The small permanent draft hole 5c serves as a continuous entrance for air, induced by the updraft through the chimney la, for drying the garbage and other refuse within the incinerator even while the same is not burning. The space i8 between baille l2 and top assembly 2 provides a minimum of draft for the beginning of combustion. In ex; ceptional cases, where the moist material far overbalances the combustionable waste, thee may be an unburned residue in the bottom of the incinerator when burning has been completed. However, this continues to dry out during the process of recharging and eventually will burn clear through to the bottom of the basket 6. The operation of the incinerator in no way affects the heating plant to which it is connected or with which it shares the common flue of the house. The small amountV of draft entering the raft door does not appreciably affect the draft of the iiue and when there is fire in the incinerator it actually builds up the draft of the flue. When the incinerator is lit the first flash of combustion will discharge into the passage in the zone i8 between the top edge of bafe l2 and the top assembly 2, thereby creating a greater draft in the flue lo for the pulling down of the draft through the large opening in the iid. The force of the draft entering the lid eiinitely tends to blow away the accumulation of ashes of the burning material, exposing new and unburned matter to the incoming air, thus accelerating combustion. I have repeatedly demonstrated the effectiveness of my design by `simple tests in the burning of piled magazines in the incinerator,V one on top of the other. By lighting only the cover page of the top magazine, the down draft blows away the burned paper of the nrst page, igniting the second page and so on until the entire stack of magazines is consumed.

I have found the downdraft principle applied to the removable receptacle type of incinerator highly practical in operation and, while I have described my invention in one of its embodiments, I realize that modifications may be made and I desire it to be understood. that no limitations upon my invention are intended other than may be imposed by the scope of the appended claims. k

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the Unitedt States is as follows:

1. A downdraft incinerator comprising a casing having an opening at the top to receive a removable open-mesh container, a liner spaced from the interior walls of said casing, means for supporting said liner from said casing, a chimney connection adjacent one side of the top of said casing, a lid pivotally mounted on the top of said casing and movable in a substantially horizontal plane to a position covering or uncovering the top opening of said casing to allow the insertion or removal of said open-mesh container with respect to said casing, a draft door disposed in said lid for permitting the entry of a downdraft through said container, and a baille member supported by saidliner and 'eX- tending substantially chordal thereto and disposed intermediate said open-mesh container and said chimney connection, the upper edgeof said baiiie member being spaced below the top of said casing and forming a draft passage between the draft door in said lid and the chimney connection.

2. A downdraft incinerator comprising a, casing having an opening at the top to receive a removable open-mesh container, a liner spaced from the interior walls of said casing, means for supporting said liner in said casing, a chimney connection adjacent one side of the top of said casing, a lid pivotally mounted on theY top of said casing and movable in a substantially horizontal plane to a position covering or uncovering the top opening of said casing to vallow the insertion or removal of said open-mesh container with respect to said casing, a draft door disposed in said lid for permitting the entry of a downdraft through said container, and a baiiie member supported by said liner and extending substantially chordal thereto and disposed intermediate said open-mesh container and said chimney connection, the upper edge of said baiiie member being spaced below the top of said casing and forming a, substantially transverse draft passage between the draft door in said lid and the chimney connection immediately beneath the lid, said draft door having an opening therein for introducing an igniting ame for igniting the contents of the open-mesh con tainerl facilitated by a draft substantially transverse of said container extending in a path beneath said lid between the upper edge of said baiiie member and the top of said container to said chimney connection for progressively developing a downdraft through said container and around the lower 'edge of said baffle member in a direction upwardly through said chimney connection.

3. A downdraft incinerator comprising a supporting base, a casing supported on said base, a top member having a chimney connection adjacent one side thereof and having a multiplicity of downwardly extending -spaced flanges, one of said anges engaging the upper end of said casing, a liner connected with another of said iianges and disposed in spaced relation to the interior wall of said casing and depending from said top member, means extending from the side wall of said casing for supporting the lower end of said liner, another of said flanges defining an opening through said top member, an open-mesh container arranged to be inserted or removed through the opening in said top member, a lid pivotally connected with said top member and angularly movable in a substantially horizontal plane to cover or uncover the opening therein, said lid having an aperture therein, a ported draft door mounted on said lid and movable to cover or uncover the aperture therein, and a baiile member supported by the interior wall of said liner in a position intermediate said chimney connection andV the open-mesh container, the upper edge of said bafie member being spaced below said top member for forming a draft passage transversely of said container from the ported draft door to said chimney connection and the lower edge of said baie member serving to guide products of combustion in a downdraft path through said ported draft door and through said container around said baiiie member and upwardly through said chimney connection.

KENNETH F. TRIGGS.

REFERENCES CITED The following references arepof record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS 

